3. Time and Ordinal Numbers

3.1 - Learn English:  Year, Months, Before, After, Ordinals

Time and dates are important for beginners who need to make appointments and reservations.

They also help teach the past and future tenses of verbs, and common prepositions like before and after.

Students need to repeat the lesson until they know it well.

Male+pauses

/2017 is 1 year*, year***
/12 months are 1 year,  months***

12 months are January*, February*, March*, April*, May*, June*, July*, August*, September*, October*, November*, December*

January is before March  before***, January is before March*
February is before June*
July is before August*

July is after March, after***
November is after August*
October is after September*

January is the 1st month, 1st***
February is the 2nd month, 2nd***
March is the 3rd month, 3rd***
April is the 4th month, 4th***
May is the 5th month, 5th***
6th*
7th*
8th*
9th*
10th*
11th*
December is the 12th month, 12th*
13th*
20th*
21st*
22nd*
23rd*
24th*
30th*
31st*
34th*
100th*
101st*
104th*
1000th*
2014th*
55 millionth*

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3.2 - Days, Week, Was, Will Be, Dates
Male+pauses

In the context of dates, students will recognize that 7 introduces a list of days.

If they do not know English, they will not know where the list starts, since some countries start with Saturday, Sunday, or Monday.

Giving dates in 2017 and 2020 removes ambiguity and teaches past and future .

/7 days are 1 week,  days***
/7 days are 1 week,   weeks***

7 days are Sunday*, Monday*, Tuesday*,
Wednesday*, Thursday*, Friday*, Saturday*

The first day of 2017 was Sunday*  was***
January 2nd 2017 was Monday*

January 1st 2020 will be Wednesday*  will be***
January 31st, 2020 will be Friday*

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3.3 - Hours of the Day Male+pauses, or without pauses

English has different ways of saying the hours of the day, and this lesson teaches them all.

First, the lesson teaches the 24-hour clock used by the military, since it is easiest for learners who use a 24-hour clock in their own language, and for many foreigners, speaking to the US military is the most common use of English.

The 12-hour clock can be said as 11 A.M., 11 in the morning, or 11 o'clock.

The lesson starts with a review of middle (to define noon) and between (to define morning, afternoon, evening, night), which were taught in the Comparisons lesson.

Teaching is brief and the lesson needs to be repeated several times.

These recordings from Lang1234.com are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

3 is the middle of 2 and 4,  the middle of***
6 is the middle of 5 and 7*
March is between January and April,  between***
February is between January and April*

12 months are 1 year*
7 days are 1 week*
24 hours are 1 day,  hours***, 24 hours are 1 day*
/The middle of 1 day is 12 noon,  noon***,  The middle of 1 day is 12 noon*

12 noon is 12 hundred,  12 hundred***,  12 noon is 12 hundred*
12 noon is between 11 hundred and 13 hundred*
10 hundred is between  Oh 9 hundred and 11 hundred, Oh 9 hundred***
Oh 6 hundred is between  Oh 5 hundred and Oh 7 hundred*

Daytime is between Oh 6 hundred and 18 hundred   daytime***
Night time is between 18 hundred and Oh 6 hundred   night time***
Afternoon is between 12 hundred and 18 hundred   afternoon***
Afternoon is between 12 noon and 18 hundred*
Evening is between 18 hundred and 24 hundred,  evening***
Evening is between 18 hundred and midnight*  midnight***
24 hundred is midnight*
Morning is between 24 hundred and 12 hundred,  morning***
Morning is between midnight and 12 noon*

Oh 6 hundred is 6 in the morning,  in the morning*
10 hundred is 10 in the morning*
11 hundred is 11 in the morning*
12 hundred is 12 noon*
13 hundred is 1 in the afternoon,  in the afternoon***
14 hundred is 2 in the afternoon*
18 hundred is 6 in the evening, in the evening***
23 hundred is 11 in the evening*
24 hundred is 12 midnight*
Oh 1 hundred is 1 in the morning*

10 in the morning is 10 A.M.,  A.M.***
11 in the morning is 11 A.M.*
12 noon is 12 noon*
1 in the afternoon is 1 P.M.,  P.M.***
2 in the afternoon is 2 P.M.*
6 in the evening is 6 P.M.*
11 in the evening is 11 PM*
12 midnight is 12 midnight*
1 in the morning is 1 A.M.*

Oh 6 hundred is 6 o'clock in the morning,  o'clock***
18 hundred is 6 o'clock in the evening*

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3.4 - Minutes of the Hour Male+pauses, or without pauses

After the lesson on different ways to say the hours, these are different ways to say the minutes.

You can practice with a Test for this section.

24 hours are 1 day*
60 minutes are 1 hour, minutes***, 60 minutes are 1 hour*

6 P.M. and 1 minute is 6:01 P.M.*
6 A.M. and 1 minute is 6:01 A.M.*
6:01 A.M. is 1 minute past 6 in the morning,  past***
6 A.M. and 50 minutes is 6:50 A.M.*
6:50 A.M. is 10 minutes before 7 A.M.,  before***
6:50 A.M. is 10 of 7 in the morning,  10 of***
6:45 A.M. is a quarter of 7 in the morning,  quarter of***
6:15 A.M. is a quarter past 6 in the morning*
12:15 P.M. is a quarter past noon*
12:20 P.M. is 20 past noon
3:20 P.M. is 20 past 3 in the afternoon*
11:40 P.M. is 20 minutes before midnight
12:30 A.M. is half past midnight*

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3.5 - Time Units
Male+pauses, or without pauses

/2013 is 1 year* year***
/2015 is 1 year*
/12 months are 1 year*
4 weeks are 1 month*  week***
/7 days are 1 week*  days***
24 hours are 1 day*  hours***
/60 minutes are 1 hour*
60 seconds are 1 minute*  seconds***
1000 milliseconds are 1 second,  milliseconds***
1000 microseconds are 1 millisecond*  microsecond***
1000 nanoseconds are 1 microsecond*  nanoseconds***
1 billion nanoseconds are 1 second*
60 seconds are 1 minute*
60 minutes are 1 hour*
24 hours are 1 day*
7 days are 1 week*
2 weeks are 1 fortnight*  fortnight***
4 weeks are 1 month*
12 months are 1 year*
10 years are one decade*  decade***
100 years are one century*  century***
1000 years are one millennium*  millennium***

In 1 day the sun goes around the earth, sun*** goes around*** earth***
In 1 month the moon goes around the earth, moon***
In 1 year the earth goes around the sun*

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